Contextual
Research Practice

“If I do not walk, I cannot make a work of art”
(Fulton, 2002)

Walking as Methodological Research

Many of the paintings, sculptures and assemblages I have created over the years have relied on walking in some form or another. Plein air painting relies on walking and exploring to discover a view I want to paint. Also, many of my studio based paintings are worked up from preliminary sketches and studies made during walks. Moreover, walking is fundamental to collecting found objects and materials that inspire and are incorporated into mixed media and sculpture artworks.

Partly due to the safety restrictions of Covid-19 and wanting to highlight the issues of our throw-away society, I decided to use a written journal and photos to document my walks and the litter I discovered. Initially, my intention was to use this documentation as inspiration to create new artworks such as, printed books, internet artworks, data art prints, installations, sculpture and mixed media paintings and assemblages: However, I soon realised the walks and journals are an artwork in their own right and a method I want to research further.

Part of my research, is to map and plot the path of each walk and highlight what I discover. I see each plotted route as a drawing, physically drawn with my feet, plotted digitally on Google Maps, and then reinterpreted into the physical world in the form of an installation or mixed media artwork.

"Bodily methodologies that engage with the affective, rhythmic, and temporal dimensions of movement have altered the landscape of social science and humanities research. Walking is one such methodology by which scholars have examined vital, sensory, material, and ephemeral intensities beyond the logics of representation."
Springgay, S. and Truman, S. E. (2017)

Sustainable Lives

In The Romantic Ethic and the Spirit of Modern Consumerism Campbell Jones argued that the responsibility for tackling climate change lies with governements and corporations because they have the power to bring about change. However, I don't believe this releases us from the responsiblity of doing our best to live more sustainable lives.

"Sometimes people describe me as the lonely Englishman, walking down misty country lanes. That can be one way of thinking. But if you want to make different kinds of walks, you’re trying to do different things. And so then you have this walk, that walk, that kind of walk, these walks, and so you have a vocabulary or repertoire of different kinds of walks. Sometimes you make that walk and then it becomes like a different one. And inescapably, they all have to do with time." (Fulton, 2007)

Human Condition

Sadly, I am no longer shocked at the state of public places, with piles of discarded cans and food containers left where people sat, after lovely summer's day. And even when bins are only a short walk away! What I struggle with is, some people head to beauty spots because they beautiful but leave them scarred and ugly with little or no thought to who will use the area next or who has clear-up after them. Furthermore, human behaviour is influenced by how dirty or littered a space is. The worse a spaces is blighted by litter the more it will attract [see Rangoni, R. and Jager, W. (2017) for more detail]. or the amount of discarded tents and plastic cups strewn across fields after a music festival.

I, like many others, especially during Covid-19, use walking and exploring local environments as coping mechanism, to take in the views and clear my head. However, coming across a pile of bottles or fast-food packaging causes more frustration. According to Clean Up Britain (2017) impacts the human condition; "A poor-quality local environment can also have wider impacts on public health, including mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. On the flip side, living near good quality, accessible green space can improve mental and physical health."

“Performance’s only life is in the present. Performance cannot be saved, recorded, documented, or otherwise participate in the circulation of representations of representations: once it does so, it becomes something other than performance. […] Performance occurs over a time which will not be repeated. It can be performed again, but this repetition itself marks it as “different.” The document of a performance then is only a spur to memory, an encouragement of memory to become present.”
(Phelan, 1993)

Performed Maps

When I set out on a walk, I have chosen the location and usually have a strong idea of what route I intend to walk and 'draw'. Initially, the theme of the walk is in a state of flux, and the narrative is dictated by what I discover and document along the way.

Moreover, I could walk the same route the next day but how I interact and experience the physical environment will be unique. Changes to weather and light conditions affects my mind and body and how I relate to the spaces traversed, how fast I walk, how long I stop to explore. I may notice something I missed previously, or I discover newly discarded litter. Furthermore, time of day and day of the week often impacts the number of different people I may pass along the way, and even the number of cars I need to avoid when taking a photo of something littering the road. Stepping into the road or clambering through a hedge to take photos will often lead to quizzical or disproving looks from passers-by and an occasional distanced chat.

Each walk is a catalyst for new artworks including, the drawn maps and photographic journals which in themselves are a form of collecting and archiving. Later, I plan create offline works inspired by the walks that will expand on my practice of exploring the interaction between the ephemeral digital space and the physical of the white cube.

"When the present has given up on the future, we must listen for the relics of the future in the unactivated potentials of the past."
(Fisher, 2013)

Lost Future

Each walk is undertaken in the present but I am often documenting the past with an eye to the future. For example, litter is evidence that people have already passed this way, it happened in the past but the action can have serious consequences for the future.

“We are bored in the city, we really have to strain to still discover mysteries on the sidewalk.”
Ivan Chtcheglov, 1953

Influences

 Designer Drugs Set: Hermes,Desire Obtain Cherish

Desire Obtain Cherish (2012) Designer Drugs Set: Hermes

Desire Obtain Cherish work explores the idea of brand in relation to materialism and overconsumption.

Aram Bartholl, Map sculpture

Aram Bartholl (2006-2009) Map sculpture

Another influence is Adam Bartholl, who has been labelled a post-digital artist, examines the relationship between digital and physical world and implications of our engagement with digital media.

Le Triangle

Le Triangle

Situationist mapped the view of city from the level of the pedestrian

The Naked City, Guy Debord

"The Naked City" (1957)

Created by french situationist intellectual Guy Debord. Debord rearranged a tourist map of Paris by slicing its neighbourhoods and connecting them randomly.

“Only thoughts that are won by walking have value,”
(Nietzsche, 1899)

References

Clean Up Britain (2017) https://cleanupbritain.org

Fisher, M. (2013) The Metaphysics of Crackle: Afrofuturism and Hauntology. Dancecult, [e-journal] 5 (2), pp.42-55.

Fulton, F. (2002) Hamish Fulton Walking Journey. Tate Britain

Fulton, F. (2007) >Conversation with Peter Lodermeyer. Personal structures TIME · SPACE · EXISTENCE

Jones, C. (2010) The Subject Supposed to Recycle. Philosophy Today, [e-journal] 54 (1), pp.30-39.

Nietzsche, F. (1899) Twilight of the Idols, or How to Philosophize with a Hammer. Gotzen-Dammerung. English, p.10

Ross, K. (1983), Henri Lefebvre on the Situationist International, http://www.notbored.org

Springgay, S. and Truman, S. E. (2017) ‘A Transmaterial Approach to Walking Methodologies: Embodiment, Affect, and a Sonic Art Performance’, Body & Society, 23(4), pp.27–58

Rangoni, R. and Jager, W. (2017) 'Social Dynamics of Littering and Adaptive Cleaning Strategies Explored Using Agent-Based Modelling' Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 20 (2) 1 . doi: 10.18564/jasss.3269

Illustrations

Alibert, M and Antoine, S (1950) Le Triangle, Internationale Situationiste 1, 1958. Courtesy of Internationale Situationniste. p.28

Bartholl, A. (2006-2009) Map sculpture, https://arambartholl.com/map/

Debord, G. (1957) The Naked City, http://www.dm.amycheng.info

Obtain Cherish, D. (2012) Designer Drugs Set: Hermes kmfinearts.com